Pelajari cara membuat tab dengan CSS dan JavaScript.
Section Artikel
Tab
Tab sempurna untuk aplikasi web satu halaman, atau untuk halaman web yang mampu menampilkan subjek yang berbeda:
Contoh:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <style> body {font-family: Arial;} /* Style tab */ .tab { overflow: hidden; border: 1px solid #ccc; background-color: #f1f1f1; } /* Style tombol didalam tab */ .tab button { background-color: inherit; float: left; border: none; outline: none; cursor: pointer; padding: 14px 16px; transition: 0.3s; font-size: 17px; } /* Ubah warna background dari buttons on hover */ .tab button:hover { background-color: #ddd; } /* Buat sebuah kelas tablink active/current */ .tab button.active { background-color: #ccc; } /* Style tab content */ .tabcontent { display: none; padding: 6px 12px; border: 1px solid #ccc; border-top: none; } </style> </head> <body> <h2>Tab</h2> <p>Klik pada tombol di dalam menu tab:</p> <div class="tab"> <button class="tablinks" onclick="openCity(event, 'London')">London</button> <button class="tablinks" onclick="openCity(event, 'Paris')">Paris</button> <button class="tablinks" onclick="openCity(event, 'Tokyo')">Tokyo</button> </div> <div id="London" class="tabcontent"> <h3>London</h3> <p>London ibukota Inggris.</p> </div> <div id="Paris" class="tabcontent"> <h3>Paris</h3> <p>Paris ibukota Perancis.</p> </div> <div id="Tokyo" class="tabcontent"> <h3>Tokyo</h3> <p>Tokyo ibukota Jepang.</p> </div> <script> function openCity(evt, cityName) { var i, tabcontent, tablinks; tabcontent = document.getElementsByClassName("tabcontent"); for (i = 0; i < tabcontent.length; i++) { tabcontent[i].style.display = "none"; } tablinks = document.getElementsByClassName("tablinks"); for (i = 0; i < tablinks.length; i++) { tablinks[i].className = tablinks[i].className.replace(" active", ""); } document.getElementById(cityName).style.display = "block"; evt.currentTarget.className += " active"; } </script> </body> </html>
Buat Tab yang Dapat Digeser
Langkah 1) Tambahkan HTML
Contoh:
<!-- Tab links --> <div class="tab"> <button class="tablinks" onclick="openCity(event, 'London')">London</button> <button class="tablinks" onclick="openCity(event, 'Paris')">Paris</button> <button class="tablinks" onclick="openCity(event, 'Tokyo')">Tokyo</button> </div> <!-- Tab content --> <div id="London" class="tabcontent"> <h3>London</h3> <p>London ibukota Inggris.</p> </div> <div id="Paris" class="tabcontent"> <h3>Paris</h3> <p>Paris ibukota Perancis.</p> </div> <div id="Tokyo" class="tabcontent"> <h3>Tokyo</h3> <p>Tokyo ibukota Jepang.</p> </div>
Buat tombol untuk membuka konten tab tertentu. Semua elemen
dengan class = “tabcontent” disembunyikan secara default (dengan CSS & JavaScript). Ketika pengguna mengklik tombol – maka akan membuka konten tab yang “cocok” dengan tombol ini.\
Langkah 2) Tambahkan CSS
Style pada tombol dan konten tab.
Contoh:
/* Style tab */
.tab {
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  background-color: #f1f1f1;
}
/* Style tombol didalam tab */
.tab button {
  background-color: inherit;
  float: left;
  border: none;
  outline: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 14px 16px;
  transition: 0.3s;
  font-size: 17px;
}
/* Ubah warna background dari buttons on hover */
.tab button:hover {
  background-color: #ddd;
}
/* Buat sebuah kelas tablink active/current */
.tab button.active {
  background-color: #ccc;
}
/* Style tab content */
.tabcontent {
  display: none;
  padding: 6px 12px;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  border-top: none;
}Langkah 3) Tambahkan JavaScript
Contoh:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<style>
body {font-family: Arial;}
/* Style tab */
.tab {
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  background-color: #f1f1f1;
}
/* Style tombol didalam tab */
.tab button {
  background-color: inherit;
  float: left;
  border: none;
  outline: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 14px 16px;
  transition: 0.3s;
  font-size: 17px;
}
/* Ubah warna background dari buttons on hover */
.tab button:hover {
  background-color: #ddd;
}
/* Buat sebuah kelas tablink active/current */
.tab button.active {
  background-color: #ccc;
}
/* Style tab content */
.tabcontent {
  display: none;
  padding: 6px 12px;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  border-top: none;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Tab</h2>
<p>Klik pada tombol di dalam menu tab:</p>
<div class="tab">
  <button class="tablinks" onclick="openCity(event, 'London')">London</button>
  <button class="tablinks" onclick="openCity(event, 'Paris')">Paris</button>
  <button class="tablinks" onclick="openCity(event, 'Tokyo')">Tokyo</button>
</div>
<div id="London" class="tabcontent">
  <h3>London</h3>
  <p>London ibukota Inggris.</p>
</div>
<div id="Paris" class="tabcontent">
  <h3>Paris</h3>
  <p>Paris ibukota Perancis.</p> 
</div>
<div id="Tokyo" class="tabcontent">
  <h3>Tokyo</h3>
  <p>Tokyo ibukota Jepang.</p>
</div>
<script>
function openCity(evt, cityName) {
  var i, tabcontent, tablinks;
  tabcontent = document.getElementsByClassName("tabcontent");
  for (i = 0; i < tabcontent.length; i++) {
    tabcontent[i].style.display = "none";
  }
  tablinks = document.getElementsByClassName("tablinks");
  for (i = 0; i < tablinks.length; i++) {
    tablinks[i].className = tablinks[i].className.replace(" active", "");
  }
  document.getElementById(cityName).style.display = "block";
  evt.currentTarget.className += " active";
}
</script>
   
</body>
</html> 
Fade in Tab
Jika Anda ingin memudarkan (fade in) konten tab, tambahkan CSS berikut.
Contoh:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<style>
body {font-family: Arial;}
/* Style tab */
.tab {
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  background-color: #f1f1f1;
}
/* Style tombol didalam tab */
.tab button {
  background-color: inherit;
  float: left;
  border: none;
  outline: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 14px 16px;
  transition: 0.3s;
  font-size: 17px;
}
/* Ubah warna background dari buttons on hover */
.tab button:hover {
  background-color: #ddd;
}
/* Buat sebuah kelas tablink active/current */
.tab button.active {
  background-color: #ccc;
}
/* Style tab content */
.tabcontent {
  display: none;
  padding: 6px 12px;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  border-top: none;
}
  
/* Fade in tab */
@-webkit-keyframes fadeEffect {
  from {opacity: 0;}
  to {opacity: 1;}
}
@keyframes fadeEffect {
  from {opacity: 0;}
  to {opacity: 1;}
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>Fade in Tab</h3>
<div class="tab">
  <button class="tablinks" onclick="openCity(event, 'London')">London</button>
  <button class="tablinks" onclick="openCity(event, 'Paris')">Paris</button>
  <button class="tablinks" onclick="openCity(event, 'Tokyo')">Tokyo</button>
</div>
<div id="London" class="tabcontent">
  <h3>London</h3>
  <p>London Ibukota Inggris.</p>
</div>
<div id="Paris" class="tabcontent">
  <h3>Paris</h3>
  <p>Paris Ibukota Perancis.</p> 
</div>
<div id="Tokyo" class="tabcontent">
  <h3>Tokyo</h3>
  <p>Tokyo Ibukota Jepang.</p>
</div>
<script>
function openCity(evt, cityName) {
  var i, tabcontent, tablinks;
  tabcontent = document.getElementsByClassName("tabcontent");
  for (i = 0; i < tabcontent.length; i++) {
    tabcontent[i].style.display = "none";
  }
  tablinks = document.getElementsByClassName("tablinks");
  for (i = 0; i < tablinks.length; i++) {
    tablinks[i].className = tablinks[i].className.replace(" active", "");
  }
  document.getElementById(cityName).style.display = "block";
  evt.currentTarget.className += " active";
}
</script>
   
</body>
</html> 
Tampilkan tab secara default
Untuk membuka tab tertentu pada pemuatan halaman, gunakan JavaScript untuk “mengklik” pada tombol tab yang ditentukan.
Contoh:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<style>
body {font-family: Arial;}
/* Style tab */
.tab {
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  background-color: #f1f1f1;
}
/* Style tombol didalam tab */
.tab button {
  background-color: inherit;
  float: left;
  border: none;
  outline: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 14px 16px;
  transition: 0.3s;
  font-size: 17px;
}
/* Ubah warna background dari buttons on hover */
.tab button:hover {
  background-color: #ddd;
}
/* Buat sebuah kelas tablink active/current */
.tab button.active {
  background-color: #ccc;
}
/* Style tab content */
.tabcontent {
  display: none;
  padding: 6px 12px;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  border-top: none;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p> Dalam contoh ini, kami menggunakan JavaScript untuk "mengklik" tombol London, untuk membuka tab saat memuat halaman. </p>
  
<div class="tab">
  <button class="tablinks" onclick="openCity(event, 'London')" id="defaultOpen">London</button>
  <button class="tablinks" onclick="openCity(event, 'Paris')">Paris</button>
  <button class="tablinks" onclick="openCity(event, 'Tokyo')">Tokyo</button>
</div>
<div id="London" class="tabcontent">
  <h3>London</h3>
  <p>London Ibukota inggris.</p>
</div>
<div id="Paris" class="tabcontent">
  <h3>Paris</h3>
  <p>Paris Ibukota Perancis.</p> 
</div>
<div id="Tokyo" class="tabcontent">
  <h3>Tokyo</h3>
  <p>Tokyo Ibukota Jepang.</p>
</div>
<script>
function openCity(evt, cityName) {
  var i, tabcontent, tablinks;
  tabcontent = document.getElementsByClassName("tabcontent");
  for (i = 0; i < tabcontent.length; i++) {
    tabcontent[i].style.display = "none";
  }
  tablinks = document.getElementsByClassName("tablinks");
  for (i = 0; i < tablinks.length; i++) {
    tablinks[i].className = tablinks[i].className.replace(" active", "");
  }
  document.getElementById(cityName).style.display = "block";
  evt.currentTarget.className += " active";
}
// Dapatkan elemen dengan id = "defaultOpen" dan klik di atasnya
 document.getElementById("defaultOpen").click();
</script>
   
</body>
</html> 
Tutup tab
Jika Anda ingin menutup tab tertentu, gunakan JavaScript untuk menyembunyikan tab dengan mengklik tombol.
Contoh:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<style>
body {font-family: Arial;}
/* Style tab */
.tab {
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  background-color: #f1f1f1;
}
/* Style tombol di dalam tab */
.tab button {
  background-color: inherit;
  float: left;
  border: none;
  outline: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 14px 16px;
  transition: 0.3s;
  font-size: 17px;
}
/* Ubah warna background tombol saat mengarahkan kursor */
.tab button:hover {
  background-color: #ddd;
}
/* Buat kelas tablink active / current */
.tab button.active {
  background-color: #ccc;
}
/* Style tab content */
.tabcontent {
  display: none;
  padding: 6px 12px;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  border-top: none;
}
/* Style button Close */
.topright {
  float: right;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-size: 28px;
}
.topright:hover {color: red;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Tab</h2>
<p>Klik pada tombol x di pojok kanan atas untuk menutup tab saat ini:</p>
<div class="tab">
  <button class="tablinks" onclick="openCity(event, 'London')" id="defaultOpen">London</button>
  <button class="tablinks" onclick="openCity(event, 'Paris')">Paris</button>
  <button class="tablinks" onclick="openCity(event, 'Tokyo')">Tokyo</button>
</div>
<div id="London" class="tabcontent">
  <span onclick="this.parentElement.style.display='none'" class="topright">×</span>
  <h3>London</h3>
  <p>London Ibukota Inggris.</p>
</div>
<div id="Paris" class="tabcontent">
  <span onclick="this.parentElement.style.display='none'" class="topright">×</span>
  <h3>Paris</h3>
  <p>Paris Ibukota Perancis.</p> 
</div>
<div id="Tokyo" class="tabcontent">
  <span onclick="this.parentElement.style.display='none'" class="topright">×</span>
  <h3>Tokyo</h3>
  <p>Tokyo Ibukota Jepang.</p>
</div>
<script>
function openCity(evt, cityName) {
  var i, tabcontent, tablinks;
  tabcontent = document.getElementsByClassName("tabcontent");
  for (i = 0; i < tabcontent.length; i++) {
    tabcontent[i].style.display = "none";
  }
  tablinks = document.getElementsByClassName("tablinks");
  for (i = 0; i < tablinks.length; i++) {
    tablinks[i].className = tablinks[i].className.replace(" active", "");
  }
  document.getElementById(cityName).style.display = "block";
  evt.currentTarget.className += " active";
}
// Get the element with id="defaultOpen" and click on it
document.getElementById("defaultOpen").click();
</script>
   
</body>
</html>